Overview of Sales, Earnings and Financial Position
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Key Data
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| 3rd Quarter 2007 | 3rd Quarter 2008 | Change | First Nine Months 2007 | First Nine Months 2008 | Change | Full Year 2007 | |
| € million | € million | % | € million | € million | % | € million | |
| Sales | 7,793 | 7,948 | +2.0 | 24,345 | 24,995 | +2.7 | 32,385 |
| Change in sales | |||||||
| Volume | +5.8% | +2.5% | +6.0% | +5.6% | +5.6% | ||
| Price | +1.2% | +2.6% | +0.6% | +1.6% | +0.5% | ||
| Currency | -2.7% | -4.0% | -3.3% | -5.1% | -3.6% | ||
| Portfolio | +0.1% | +0.9% | +12.7% | +0.6% | +9.3% | ||
| EBITDA1 | 1,439 | 1,334 | -7.3 | 4,785 | 5,163 | +7.9 | 5,866 |
| Special items | (120) | (159) | (570) | (411) | (911) | ||
| EBITDA before special items | 1,559 | 1,493 | -4.2 | 5,355 | 5,574 | +4.1 | 6,777 |
| EBITDA margin before special items | 20.0% | 18.8% | 22.0% | 22.3% | 20.9% | ||
| EBIT2 | 677 | 684 | +1.0 | 2,769 | 3,132 | +13.1 | 3,154 |
| Special items | (276) | (207) | (744) | (504) | (1,133) | ||
| EBIT before special items | 953 | 891 | -6.5 | 3,513 | 3,636 | +3.5 | 4,287 |
| EBIT margin before special items | 12.2% | 11.2% | 14.4% | 14.5% | 13.2% | ||
| Non-operating result | (266) | (276) | -3.8 | (741) | (813) | -9.7 | (920) |
| Net income | 1,175 | 277 | -76.4 | 4,644 | 1,613 | -65.3 | 4,711 |
| Earnings per share (€)3 | 1.46 | 0.37 | 5.73 | 2.06 | 5.84 | ||
| Core earnings per share (€)4 | 0.81 | 0.85 | 3.09 | 3.46 | 3.80 | ||
| Gross cash flow5 | 1,165 | 1,171 | +0.5 | 3,763 | 4,144 | +10.1 | 4,784 |
| Net cash flow6 | 1,623 | 1,234 | -24,0 | 2,814 | 2,651 | -5.8 | 4,281 |
| Cash outflows for capital expenditures | 482 | 492 | +2.1 | 1,123 | 1,127 | +0.4 | 1,860 |
| Research and development expenses | 640 | 662 | +3.4 | 1,915 | 1,943 | +1.5 | 2,578 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 762 | 650 | -14.7 | 2,016 | 2,031 | +0.7 | 2,712 |
| Number of employees at end of period7 | 106,200 | 108,600 | +2.3 | 106,200 | 108,600 | +2.3 | 106,200 |
| Personnel expenses | 1,781 | 1,887 | +6.0 | 5,573 | 5,739 | +3.0 | 7,571 |
1 EBITDA: EBIT plus amortization of intangible assets and depreciation of property, plant and equipment. EBITDA before special items and EBITDA margin are not defined in the International Financial Reporting Standards and should therefore be regarded only as supplementary information. The company considers underlying EBITDA to be more a suitable indicator of operating performance since it is not affected by depreciation, amortization, write-downs / write-backs or special items. The company also believes that this indicator gives readers a clearer picture of the results of operations and ensures greater comparability of data over time. The underlying EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing underlying EBITDA by sales. See also Calculation of EBIT(DA) Before Special Items.
2 EBIT as shown in the income statement
3 Earnings per share as defined in IAS 33 = net income divided by the average number of shares. For details see Explanatory Notes.
4 Core earnings per share is not defined in the International Financial Reporting Standards and should therefore be regarded only as supplementary information. The company believes that this indicator gives readers a clearer picture of the results of operations and ensures greater comparability of data over time. The calculation of core earnings per share is explained on Investor Information.
5 Gross cash flow = income from continuing operations after taxes, plus income taxes, plus / minus non-operating result, minus income taxes paid, plus depreciation, amortization and write-downs, minus write-backs, plus/minus changes in pension provisions, minus gains / plus losses on retirements of noncurrent assets, plus non-cash effects of the remeasurement of acquired assets. The change in pension provisions includes the elimination of non-cash components of the operating result. It also contains benefit payments during the year. For details see Liquidity and Capital Resources.
6 Net cash flow = cash flow from operating activities according to IAS 7
7 Number of employees in full-time equivalents
2 EBIT as shown in the income statement
3 Earnings per share as defined in IAS 33 = net income divided by the average number of shares. For details see Explanatory Notes.
4 Core earnings per share is not defined in the International Financial Reporting Standards and should therefore be regarded only as supplementary information. The company believes that this indicator gives readers a clearer picture of the results of operations and ensures greater comparability of data over time. The calculation of core earnings per share is explained on Investor Information.
5 Gross cash flow = income from continuing operations after taxes, plus income taxes, plus / minus non-operating result, minus income taxes paid, plus depreciation, amortization and write-downs, minus write-backs, plus/minus changes in pension provisions, minus gains / plus losses on retirements of noncurrent assets, plus non-cash effects of the remeasurement of acquired assets. The change in pension provisions includes the elimination of non-cash components of the operating result. It also contains benefit payments during the year. For details see Liquidity and Capital Resources.
6 Net cash flow = cash flow from operating activities according to IAS 7
7 Number of employees in full-time equivalents
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